Tips


02 Mar 2010

Taipei: Wajib Arkade



Di Taiwan ada peraturan wajib arkade di semua kota, kecuali bagian-bagian yang dikecualikan.  Menurut Kuo Chaolee, Direktur Gradutae Institute for Urban Planning, National Taipei University, aturan ini diwarisi dari jaman Jepang. “Baik untuk iklim Taiwan, banyak hujan dan panas sekali kalau musim panas.”  Karena itu pejalan-kaki dapat leluasa di hampir seluruh kota Taipei dan kota besar lainnya. Di Taipei umumnya arkade terjaga sebagai wilayah umum, terutama untuk pejalan kaki, tetapi di kota lain mulai mengalami “privatisasi”, arkade menjadi perluasan tempat duduk rumah makan atau lain-lain kegiatan privat. Selain itu, termasu di Taipei juga,  di sana sini mulai terlihat dijadikan tempat parkir sepeda motor.

Sepeda motor memang kendaraan populer di Taiwan. Bahkan ada tempat menunggu lampu-merah khusus di perempatan jalan. Juga untuk yang mau belok ke kiri, dapat mengambil tempat di jalur dari kanan. (Di Taiwan orang berjalan di sisi kanan jalan).

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15 Feb 2010

Call for Proposals: Towards an Eco-Aesthetic, 2011

February 13, 2010

Aarhus Art Building,

Centre for Contemporary Art

OPEN CALL FOR PROPOSALS

IMAGINE

Towards an eco-aesthetic, 2011

The Aarhus Art Building,

Centre for Contemporary Art, Denmark

Artists and curators are

hereby invited to submit

proposals for 2011.

Deadline March 15

http://www.aarhuskunstbygning.dk

Only when people are in a position to use their own creative

potentials, which can be enhanced by an artistic imagination, will a

change occur [....] Art can and should strive for an alternative that

is not only aesthetically affirmative and productive but is also

beneficial to all forms of life on our planet.

Rasheed Araeen: Ecoaesthetics. A Manifesto for the Twenty-First Century

In the autumn of 2009, Rasheed Araeen, editor of the respected

periodical on art and culture Third Text, launched a frontal attack on

the modern ego and the recuperation of the avant-garde. Instead of the

continued rigid production of objects and a stubborn anchoring in art

institutions, Araeen pleads for a collective artistic imagination as

the only road towards “[…] rivers and lakes of clean water, collective

farms and the planting of trees all over the world.”

From what is perhaps a slightly one-track masculine perspective,

Araeen’s manifesto examines earlier failed attempts to step down from

the pedestal of the bourgeoisie in favour of a collective commitment

to our surroundings and the environment. Nevertheless, the notion of

art as a positive, giving alternative unhampered by the restraints of

either representation or negation is relevant in a new decade in a new

millennium.

In trying to conceive of such an alternative it seems a reasonable

first step to take a closer look at alliances between art and

sustainable development For at the roots of the idea of sustainability

lie an ethical imperative and a persistent struggle against inequality

– parameters that seem indispensable today if we actually want to

imagine change and alternatives.

The notion of sustainability first aroused political attention in the

1970s, although it can also be traced back to the 1960s in the shape

of various grass-roots movements. In 1972 the UN Conference on the

Human Environment was held in Stockholm – this was the first of its

kind, and at the same time the first transnational forum that even

considered the environment and society as a single, interconnected

issue.

The conference was strongly influenced by the book Limits to Growth

published by the global think tank Club of Rome the same year, in

which the problems of exponential growth vis-à-vis the limited

resources of the Earth were outlined. The book inspired thoughts about

the limits of growth in terms not only of the human population but

also of economic factors. This realization that the Earth was not an

inexhaustible storehouse of resources contributed to the development

of a notion of sustainability that takes the future generations of the

Earth into account.

The correlation between ecological and social issues is a fundamental

aspect of thinking about sustainability, and consequently also

involves concepts like responsibility and ethics. Similarly, in

various movements that have consistently had sustainability as a

central point of reference since the 1970s, for instance Social

Ecology and Ecofeminism, sustainability is inextricably bound up with

an astute critique of the dominant hierarchical structures.

The notion of sustainability thus includes the consideration of social

structures, subjection and domination, ethics and economics on an

equal footing with consideration of the environment and the ecology.

If art today is to have the above-mentioned positive starting point,

it needs to think about this complex apparatus as a whole and imagine

an alternative. Only thus can we move towards an art that is healing

and affirmative – and thus towards an eco-aesthetic in the new

millennium.

With this background the Aarhus Art Building is hereby issuing an Open

Call for Proposals for 2011. We welcome suggestions for group

exhibitions, solo exhibitions and workshops as well as suggestions for

projects in public space. Guidelines can be found at

www.aarhuskunstbygning.dk. The guidelines must be followed in the

application to make it eligible for consideration.

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14 Feb 2010

Biochar

Biochar is charcoal created by pyrolysis of biomass, and differs from charcoal only in the sense that its primary use is not for fuel, but for biosequestration or atmospheric carbon capture and storage.[1] Charcoal is a stable solid rich in carboncontent, and thus, can be used to lock carbon in the soil. Biochar is of increasing interest because of concerns aboutclimate change caused by emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases (GHG). Carbon dioxide capture also ties up large amounts of oxygen and requires energy for injection (as via carbon capture and storage), whereas the biochar process breaks into the carbon dioxide cycle, thus releasing oxygen as did coal formation hundreds of millions of years ago. Biochar is a way for carbon to be drawn from the atmosphere and is a solution to reducing the global impact offarming (and in reducing the impact from all agricultural waste). Since biochar can sequester carbon in the soil for hundreds to thousands of years[2], it has received considerable interest as a potential tool to slow global warming. The burning and natural decomposition of trees and agricultural matter contributes a large amount of CO2 released to the atmosphere. Biochar can store this carbon in the ground, potentially making a significant reduction in atmospheric GHG levels; at the same time its presence in the earth can improve water quality, increase soil fertility, raise agricultural productivity and reduce pressure on old growth forests.[3]

Current biochar projects are small scale and make no significant impact on the overall global carbon budget, although expansion of this technique has been advocated as a geoengineering approach. As trees pull down carbon dioxide and release oxygen very efficiently they are already well suited to geoengineering. Further research is in progress, notably by the University of Edinburgh, which has a dedicated research unit.[4] Agrichar is produced by Best Industries in Australia.

The approach which favors applications that benefit the poorest is gaining traction: in May 2009, the Biochar Fund received a grant from the Congo Basin Forest Fund to implement its concept in Central Africa. In this concept, biochar is a tool used to simultaneously slow down deforestation, increase the food security of rural communities, providerenewable energy to them and sequester carbon.[5] In eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, for example, biomass briquettes are being marketed to the population of North Kivuin order to slow down the deforestation of Virunga National Park caused by the production of charcoal.[6]

Sumber:  Wikipedia

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02 Feb 2010

Undangan Tanpa Plastik dari Kalangan Kesenian

Selain Dewan Kesenian Jakarta, kini terdaftar beberapa ruang kesenian telah juga menanggalkan bungkus plastik dari undangannya: Nadi Gallery dan Edwin Gallery.

Soal bungkus plastik ini menunjukkan bagaimana suatu kebiasaan buruk muncul bukan karena perlu tapi karena tersedianya sesuatu (plastik) secara murah dan mudah.

Kini waktunya kembali ke kebiasaan lama yang baik: Kartu Pos selembar yang diisi bolak-balik, dengan ruang untuk perangko dan alamat tujuan sudah tersedia.

Kalau Anda mengetahui organisasi apa saja yang mulai dengan sengaja menanggalkan kebiasaan menggunakan kantong/bungkus plastik untuk kemasan produk dan undangannya, mohon daftarkan di sini beserta link ke websitenya. Akan kami promosikan. Terima kasih sebelumnya.

Undangan Tanpa Plastik

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24 Jan 2010

Ketika Anda Merenovasi Rumah …

Skenario ini mungkin terjadi di banyak masyarakat Jakarta. Tetangga anda merenovasi atau membangun rumahnya. Tentu saja, adalah hal yang baik bagi tetangga jika mereka memperbaiki yang rusak dan menambah ruangan baru. Namun bagaimana dengan anda sendiri? Apa saja yang perlu anda ketahui jika tetangga anda membangun atau merenovasi rumah?

Selama proses renovasi dan pembangunan terjadi, tentu saja kiri kanan akan merasa terganggu. Mulai dari debu, suara-suara mengganggu dari jam 8 pagi hingga 5 sore, bau hingga sampah bangunan. Dan paling parah jika proses pembangunan tersebut merusak bangunan kiri kanan. Tentu hal-hal tak mengenakkan tersebut bisa dikurangi, seandainya pihak tetangga menuruti peraturan, undang-undang, hingga tata krama yang ada. Tentu saja, pada akhirnya hubungan kekerabatan dan hubungan baik tetaplah terjaga selama masa renovasi dan konstruksi.

Jika anda hendak melakukan renovasi atau membangun bangunan anda, pastikan anda meminta ijin dan permisi kepada Ketua RT dan tetangga kiri-kanan-depan-belakang. Jika harus meminta ijin renovasi dan/atau Ijin Mendirikan Bangunan (IMB), uruslah dengan baik ke Dinas P2B (Dinas Pengawasan dan Pemeliharaan Bangunan) di Kecamatan setempat. Setiap renovasi yang merubah fisik bangunan memerlukan IMB. Dan tentunya, jangan lupa membayar pajak membangun, untuk minimal bangunan baru/renovasi sebesar minimal 200 meter persegi.

Untuk mengurus IMB, tentunya diperlukan gambar denah, tampak dan bangunan rencana. Mengapa demikian? Bukannya untuk menyusahkan, tetapi hal itu demi kepentingan bersama. Tentunya anda jengkel bukan, jika tetangga anda seenaknya membangun dinding tinggi, sehingga menutupi sinar matahari memasuki kamar anda. Atau jika teritisan atapnya terpasang tidak benar, hingga limpahan air hujan tetangga jatuh ke rumah anda. Atau jika tetangga anda membangun dinding pagar setinggi dan semasif mungkin, hingga menyebabkan tanaman kesayangan tidak mendapatkan sinar matahari pagi atau jemuran anda menjadi susah kering. Hal tersebut bisa dicegah, jika tetangga ataupun anda memasukkan dokumen IMB dan membangun sesuai dengan dokumen yang telah disetujui, serta syarat-syarat dan masukan yang ada. Jika semua proses tersebut berjalan baik, maka sesungguhnya semua pihak pun merasa diuntungkan.

Jika anda membangun, pastikan kerapihan dan kebersihan selalu terjaga. Tutuplah sementara bagian-bagian yang bertetangga dengan rumah lain, sehingga mengurangi debu, bau, kerikil dan bunyi-bunyi yang mengganggu. Pastikan proses konstruksi tidak menimbulkan kebocoran, dinding retak atau kerusakan bagi tetangga anda.

Belajar dari pengalaman pribadi yang baru-baru ini terjadi, ketika tetangga saya harus merenovasi dan membangun bagian belakang rumahnya di musim penghujan ini. Sang tetangga tidak meminta ijin kepada saya, sehingga saya tidak tahu siapa pemilik rumah tersebut. Dan ternyata, selama proses konstruksi, telah terjadi kesalahan, sehingga menimbulkan kebocoran hebat pada kamar tidur utama rumah saya. Menyebabkan kerusakan pada harta benda dan tentunya menimbulkan perasaan tidak enak. Pada saat diminta pertanggungjawaban, reaksi pertama sang pemilik adalah: “Saya tidak tahu proses membangun, saya tidak mengerti.” Sementara reaksi pertama sang kontraktor/mandor: “Saya tidak menyangka kalau bakal hujan besar.”

Semua hal tersebut bisa dicegah, jika setidaknya tetangga saya melakukan hal-hal diatas: meminta ijin, mengurus ijin, melindungi properti tetangga, mengetahui tata cara membangun yang benar. Di jaman teknologi informasi yang serba cepat, alasan ketidaktahuan sudahlah basi dan tidak dapat diterima. Informasi dan pengetahuan begitu mudah tersedia dan diperoleh, baik melalui buku, majalah maupun Google. Ikatan Arsitek Indonesia pun kerap mengadakan klinik gratis arsitektur.

Jika anda mengalami kerugian akibat proses renovasi dan konstruksi yang dilakukan tetangga, maka anda berhak mengajukan gugatan dan tuntutan, serta mendapatkan penggantian. Hal tersebut diatur dalam hukum perdata dan pidana, juga dalam Undang-Undang no. 28 tahun 2002 tentang Bangunan Gedung. Pada pasal 46, diatur sanksi jika menyebabkan kerugian pihak ketiga, yaitu hukuman penjara minimal 3 tahun atau denda 10% dari total konstruksi bangunan. Tentu saja sanksi akan bertambah berat, jika kesalahan bangunan menimbulkan cacat pihak lain dan korban jiwa. Jadi perlulah masyarakat menyadari bahwa kegiatan renovasi dan konstruksi yang terjadi disekitar rumah maupun tempat kegiatan memiliki risiko, konsekuensi dan dampak yang besar jika tidak dilaksanakan dengan baik.

Sebagai warga kota yang baik, kita harus proaktif dan turut berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan kota. Tidak bisa selamanya mengharapkan pemerintah atau institusi untuk terus menerus memberitahu warga apa yang sebaiknya dilakukan dan apa yang tidak. Tapi sebagai warga kota, kita pun memiliki kewajiban baik terhadap kota maupun warga lain. Kota ini tidak akan pernah berubah menjadi lebih baik tanpa peran serta aktif warganya, entah itu dibidang perencanaan, pelaksanaan hingga pengawasan dan pemeliharaan.

Jembatan Metro Tanah Abang runtuh

Jembatan Metro Tanah Abang runtuh

Jika warga kota turut berpartisipasi dalam proses pengawasan pembangunan di Jakarta, bisa jadi peristiwa menyedihkan seperti runtuhnya Jembatan Tanah Abang bisa dihindari. Atau hilangnya taman-taman dan situ yang tersulap menjadi pom bensin atau areal komersial bisa dicegah. Tak bisa seluruhnya diserahkan kepada pemerintah, tak bisa seluruhnya menyalahkan pemerintah jika terjadi kecelakaan. Saat ini, warga-warga kota harus bangun dari tidur panjang dan kemanjaanya, mari berperan sebagai warga kota sesungguhnya, jangan hanya menjadi penonton saja.

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18 Dec 2009

After 35 years of organic farming in Takahata: An Ordinance

Tahata1
After more than 35 years of organic farming, the town of Takahata got an ordinance to promote “safe” food production and consumption.

Mr. Hoshi, now in his 70’s, started it young, when he was in his late 30’s in 1973. He and a few friends were concerned by the damage caused by intensive use of chemical and machineries, the result of the then agricultural policy taking place all over the world, in a hurry to create a misguided “green revolution” that still lingers with us in many parts of the world. They were particularly moved also by the fact that many of their farmer colleaques got sick. They became winners when a bad weather caused low yield in many non-organic farms, while their organic harvest remained robust.

Takahata, a farmer small town in the Yamagata Prefecture, two hours by Shinkanzen north of Tokyo, has since long been a special rice producing area. In the time of Shogunate it enjoyed a privilege of being under direct control by the highest authority, and supplied the imperial families. Its youth, of which Mr. Hoshi is but a contemporary example, has been known from the old time as active and courageous in voicing their views on agriculture. This proved to be an important social capital for them to make another fundamental turn in modern time: going (back!) organic.

By now organic farming has reached about 50% of the total area in Takahata. It is actually never enough, because an organic farm could easily be harmed by a non-organic farm next to it. Distribution of the organic produce depends very much on intimate relationship between the farmers and their customers, based on trust and total disclosure of the context of production, so that the later know exactly how organic their foods are, and how there are still factors beyond their control.

And Mr. Hoshi and his colleagues have been fighting all the time for “all-organic” Takahata and the world. He said in a typical Japanese well-spirited paradox, “I am entering my old age, so I have to be very active to convey what I have learned to you, younger generations.” He indulged in speaking continuously for almost 90 minutes to us, students of Hitotsubashi University under Prof. Yoshiko Ashiwa and the 7 fellows of Asian Leaders Fellowship Programme (ALFP) organised by Japan Foundation and the International House of Japan (Koksai Bunka Kaikan). Definitely to our benefits.

I did not have the opportunity to work in Mr. Hoshi’s farm, but in another farm belonging to Mr Watanabe, another organic farmer leader of younger generation in his 50’s. He owns one of the largerst organic farms in Takahata. I worked with Mrs Watanabe wrapping celery (don’t squatt! But just bow, said Watanabe-san), harvesting Cambodian pumpkins and the red-beans, making me feel deserving some ogura ice cream. That is enough to illustrate that organic farming is labour intensive. One of Mrs Watanabe’s specialisations is weeding. And there are a lot of know-how’s in it. While it is good to weed wild grasses and other plants next to the celeries in mid-October, don’t weed those among the peanuts, because you might destroy the roots (that will bear the nuts) that are then just growing into the soil. Although only a small fraction of Mrs Watanabe ‘s rice harvest is used by her own family, she has only 20 customers for her organic vegetables and fruit, delivered weekly or bi-weekly. A challenge to engineers around the wolrd: create more small machines that do not use fossil fuel to operate nicely and specifically for each function among the precious organic plants.

Given that history, and the global context of changing our agricuture to organic as one important part of total change towards sustainable living, The Takahata Food and Agriculture Ordinance (enacted in September 2008 and enforced since April 2009) is an important culmination into institutionalisation. Its significance comes from the fact that its contents are already being practiced.
It spelled out “Fundamental Principles” (translation by Junko Ikeda, the International House of Japan):

• Respect the local food culture and tradition and promote local production for local consumption by utilizing local resources and increase the rate of food self-sufficiency.
• Streamline the agricultural environment where producers can pursue agriculture with motivation and seek to recruit those who would work in this field.
• Promote the understanding of the importance of food and agriculture by the citizens of Takahata and promote local production for local consumption in households and localities as well as food education.
• Regarding the production of agricultural products, promote technology etc. that will not present any risk of contamination of farms and food safety.
• Work for the production of food using the multi-functions of agriculture and transform farming and mountain villages into places for living and interacting.

It stipulates promotion of agriculture in harmony with nature, that the former must preserve nature (not deplete it as resource). It commands a new way of seeing agriculture as part of an integrated “landscape” and environment (which in Japanese culture has a respectfully deeper, if not even mystical, sense), to include traditions of agriculture such as a function of land preservation, formation of landscape, and prevention of global warming, and promotion of the interaction between cities and farm villages.

It aims at stable supply of “safe” food, and increasing food self sufficiency rate in the localities, through promotion of local production for local consumption by among other things requiring the use of local food products in public institutions, and promotion of food education involving households, schools and local community.

It also demands regulation on genetically modified food and efforts for promotion of organic farming. It tries to “sell” better through branding and maintaining standard by certification: branding of food products. And it calls for an establishment of “Takahata Shoku to Noh no Machizukuri Iinkai” (Committee for Takahata Food and Agriculture Town Management” to do research on food safety and agriculture and to examine the provisions of the Food and Agriculture Town Management.

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28 Nov 2009

Kiat Konyol Gaya Hidup Hijau

kiat
Background

To continue the success of ‘350. berani?!’ (‘350. Dare?!’) campaign, The Climate Project Indonesia and 89.2 FM Green Radio has just started a new campaign together with kompas.com, Gramedia Book Store, and the Body Shop Indonesia. We call the campaign “Silly Green Things for the Earth” in English or “Kiat Konyol Gaya Hidup Hijau” in Indonesian (The back translation of the Indonesian tittle is “Silly Tips for a Green Lifestyle”).

Along with the executions of AIT presentations and  ”350. Dare?!” campaign, TCPI presenters found that many of the participants already had or implemented a green lifestyle. Sometimes, they do it, without even recognising it. Now that we have done our ‘initial’ awareness activities, we would also like to recognise people’s efforts and habits towards a green lifestyle.

We hear a lot about the tips towards a greener lifestyle, in paper, audio visual, and electronic media… They are everywhere. But, no one has ever done it in a silly way… This is when the ‘Silly Green Things” idea was born.

Format

We ask people to make a confession. A silly confession, on what they do in their everyday life to cause less damage to the Earth. For each confession, we add the facts that support their confession.

Kompas Newspaper, as the largest distributed and read Indonesian newspaper participate in this program through its online version kompas.com. All the confessions and facts are listed in the sub-page of their special edition ”Green Journey”.

Green radio will also use these confessions as “ad lips”. They will read the confessions in their radio programs.

Link to “Silly Green Things” Page: http://www.kompas.com/lipsus112009/gjgayakonyol


Period

16 Nov – 19 December 2009

Prices will be given a week after the program ends.


Participation

To participate, readers can simply use the form at the bottom of the page. Their confessions will then be filtered, edited, while TCPI team will find the supported facts.

The readers’ confession will enter a competition. 15 winners will get the prices from Gramedia Bookshop and The Body Shop.

Although kompas.com is an Indonesian portal, we are allowed to use 2 languages. Indonesian and English.


For those who are interested in writing their confession in English, please send e-mail to info@tcpindonesia.org and cc to akniode@yahoo.com, arif@hasyim.org, and nhadad@indonesia.bicusa.org

In the email, please mention:

Your complete name, your age (optional, for statistics use), Mobile number (optional, but we want to be in touch with you!), Profession (your profession, and your type of business, example, ‘director of an international renewable energy company in Indonesia), e-mail address, and your confession (up to 1,000 characters)

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05 Oct 2009

Pemisahan sampah di Tokyo

9 Recycles

Sembilan kategori sampah: Garbage without soup, soup, papers, flammables, uninflammables. dishes, glass bottles, pet bottles, cans. Lokasi: Hibiya Park Tokyo, pada kesempatan International Cooperation Days, 3-4 October, 2009. Perintis daur ulang sampah di Jepang antara lain adalah Chubu Recycle. Pendirinya adalah penggiat Green Map Japan di Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture. Pemilahan sampah yang rinci ini menunjukkan setidaknya tiga hal: efisiensi daur-ulang  memerlukan pemilihan yang rinci, yang didukung oleh industri daur ulang yang berkembang, dan tergantung juga pada konteks/budaya konsumsi setempat.

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16 Aug 2009

Tata Ruang untuk Awam

TataRuang101 Apakah “tata ruang” – terutama bagi kita yang tidak berprofesi di bidang arsitektur dan perkotaan?  Mungkin tata ruang terdengar asing bagi seorang ibu rumah tangga, dokter gigi, pengacara atau pedagang kaki lima. Tata ruang seolah bukan bagian dari kehidupan, dan hanya urusan segelintir spesialis. Apakah benar demikian?

Tanpa sadar maupun tidak sadar, hampir seluruh aspek hidup perkotaan diatur oleh tata ruang. Ketika berjalan di trotoar Jalan Kemang, pernahkah anda bertanya-tanya, mengapa ukurannya 1 meter, dan bukannya 3 meter supaya anda lebih nyaman berpindah kafe satu ke kafe lain? Atau ketika misalnya tiba-tiba ada pom bensin baru muncul mendadak, apakah anda sadar kalau sebetulnya pom bensin itu menempati area yang sebetulnya untuk ruang hijau? Atau ketika tiba-tiba di bulan Februari tahun depan, banjir kembali melanda Kelapa Gading – pernahkah anda bertanya, mengapa demikian? Jika masuk kedalam lingkungan rumah, pernahkan anda bertanya-tanya mengapa tiba-tiba disamping rumah bisa ada mini market menempel dengan batas jalan ? Bolehkah itu semua dilakukan.

Dan saat tersadar, ternyata semuanya itu berhubungan dengan Tata Ruang. Dan akhirnya pun Tata Ruang tidak menjadi eksklusif milik arsitek, pemerintah, maupun calon investor superblok terbaru, tetapi tata ruang juga mempengaruhi kehidupan seluruh warga kota. Tata ruang pun tidak berhenti hanya diperlukan saat ingin membangun rumah, tapi lebih dari itu, seperti: mengatur ketinggian bangunan, kepadatan, rasio ruang hijau, hingga peruntukan bangunan dan tipe trotoar.

Tata ruang sedikit banyak mengantarkan Jakarta ke arah tertentu. Jika ingin memadatkan Jakarta demi mendapatkan ruang terbuka hijau lebih banyak, maka simbol-simbol dan angka-angka dalam tata ruang dapat diatur sedemikian rupa, demi tercapainya tujuan itu. Atau jika ingin seluruh Jakarta menjadi ala Menteng dan Kebayoran, maka angka-angka dan aturan-aturan itu bisa dirubah. Walaupun memang dalam prakteknya tidak segampang membalikkan telapak tangan.

Lalu apa saja yang setidaknya perlu diketahui?

Sebenarnya sangat mudah dan praktis serta dekat dengan keseharian. Sebuah rumah selayaknya memiliki ruang terbuka, baik untuk ketersediaan air tanah dan sinar matahari cukup – dengan begitu rumah akan menjadi sehat. Dan itu ternyata diatur oleh apa yang disebut Koefisien Dasar Bangunan atau KDB, yang pengetian resminya adalah: angka persentase perbandingan luas lantai dasar dengan luas lahan. Jadi jika memiliki lahan sebesar 1000 m² dengan KDB sebesar 60%, maka luas lantai dasar yang boleh dibangun adalah 600m², dan sisa 400 m² menjadi ruang terbuka. Dan dalam prakteknya sebaiknya ruang terbuka itu tidak didominasi oleh perkerasan, supaya cita-cita luhur diatas tercapai. Tak hanya disitu, KDB pun dibantu oleh apa yang disebut Garis Sempadan Bangunan (GSB), yang intinya garis batas yang ditarik dari batas terluar kapling, yang memisahkan antara bagian yang boleh dibangun dan tidak dibangun. Jika memiliki GSB sebesar 3 meter, maka daerah yang tak terbangun pun adalah 3 meter dari batas terluar kapling.

Yang tak kalah penting adalah ketinggian bangunan, yang turut diatur dalam Tata Ruang. Jadi jika tetangga tiba-tiba merenovasi rumah menjadi 4 lantai, sementara menurut Tata Ruang hanya diperbolehkan 2 lantai, maka tetangga tersebut telah melanggar, dan jika anda peduli maka anda berhak melapor kepada Dinas Penataan dan Pengawasan Bangunan yang berada di Kecamatan. Sinar matahari dan aliran udara merupakan suatu yang berharga, karenanya ketinggian bangunan menjadi faktor penting.

Selain itu, keserasian dan keselarasan bangunan dalam mendapatkan akses terhadap sinar matahari, diatur pula oleh apa yang disebut Koefisien Lantai Bangunan (KLB): atau adalah total keseluruhan luas lantai yang boleh dibangun. KLB juga berfungsi mengontrol kepadatan, dan iapun sensitif terhadap sumber daya, misalnya air. Jadi misalnya di daerah Selatan Jakarta yang merupakan daerah resapan air, maka ketentuan KLB dan KDB akan lebih rendah dibandingkan daerah Jakarta Pusat yang menjadi pusat kegiatan.

Mengetahui dasar tata ruang adalah penting. Pengetahuan itu menyebabkan terhindarnya kejadian-kejadian penyegelan, seperti yang menimpa beberapa rumah di kawasan Pondok Indah, pembongkaran sekolah 5 lantai di Meruya, atau menghindari tragedi Kemang di kawasan perumahan lain. Seandainya baik pemilik properti maupun warga sekitar menyadari akan pentingnya tata ruang, maka hal-hal diatas dapat dihindari.

Dan sebetulnya informasi dasar tata ruang bisa dilihat secara online di website Dinas Tata Ruang Jakarta, yaitu di http://tatakota-jakartaku.net/. Tak hanya itu, disitu dapat juga dilihat perencanaan perkembangan kota Jakarta: seperti visi untuk Senen, Kemayoran hingga Kampung Bandan.

Jika tinggal dalam wilayah administratif Propinsi DKI Jakarta, maka dapat pula melihat KDB, KLB, Ketinggian Bangunan, Peruntukan, hingga Garis Sempadan di hampir seluruh daerah DKI Jakarta. Kumpulan informasi berupa peta itu disebut sebagai Lembaran Rencana Kota. Hanya sayangnya, Lembaran Rencana Kota tersebut tidak disertai penjelasan, dan peta itu penuh dengan istilah dan singkatan ajaib, seperti: Wsd, Kkt, Wtm, serta angka-angka. Dan mungkin ini bisa menjadi masukan bagi Dinas Tata Ruang untuk lebih memasyarakatkan situsnya dalam bahasa yang membumi.

Rujak mencoba merangkum beberapa informasi dan penjelasan dasar mengenai Tata Ruang dan sehubungan dengan situs Dinas Tata Ruang diatas. Sila pelajari slide terlampir untuk penjelasan lebih lanjut.
TataRuang 101

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15 Aug 2009

WHAT YOU CAN DO TO PROMOTE ENVIRONMENTAL PAPERS

RUJAK received tips below from Dian Kusumaningtyas (diankusumaningtyas@yahoo.com.au)  that she found in www.conservatree.org

What can you as an individual do to promote environmental papers? Plenty! Here are some examples:

  • Buy recycled copy paper. For printing and copying needs, buy recycled paper. Look for high levels of post-consumer content (at least 30%). Talk to your coworkers and see if you can get your office to switch to recycled paper as well! Check back soon for a toolkit to help you through the process of implementing change in the workplace.
  • Switch to recycled content tissue paper. It is especially important to purchase recycled content tissues and toilet paper since none of these products are recycled again after use. Recycled tissue paper is made from other paper products like office paper, and the use of the fibers in tissue is the last time those fibers will be used.
  • Buy recycled when purchasing school supplies for kids. Calendars, notebooks, folders, and nearly all other school supplies are available with recycled content. Talk with your children about why it is important to buy recycled.
  • Ask the magazines you subscribe to if they are printing on recycled paper. Include a note with your next bill payment or send a note separately. Be persistent. Send a note to the catalogs you receive, too.
  • Include a note with your credit card, utility, and loan bill payments asking if they are printing on recycled paper. Every person who tells them about recycled paper is helping to push for change. If enough people are vocal, change will happen.
  • Ask your bank if they are using recycled paper. Bank statements, receipts, and forms can all be printed on recycled paper. Talk with your bank about how you can help support them switching to recycled.
  • Check with your kid’s school about use of environmental papers. There are many ways to increase the use of environmental paper in schools, including switching office use, departmental use, and janitorial supplies.
  • Ask your local newspaper if they are printing on recycled paper. Newspapers use a huge amount of paper, and printing on recycled paper together with good collection systems for old newspapers can reduce unnecessary waste.
  • Talk with your place of worship or other spiritual center about paper usage. Many spiritual leaders are beginning to talk about the need for individuals to be responsible consumers. Help nurture this trend.
  • Build your local recycling program to help your area on supporting good paper collection practices.

 

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